Theo Barclay

Theo is regarded as one of the up-and-coming juniors at the Commercial Bar, having been ranked by Legal 500 as a rising star in commercial litigation.

A large proportion of Theo’s work is in the Commercial Court. He has experience across the whole range of commercial litigation, including banking, civil fraud, company and insolvency, breach of confidence, economic torts, energy and natural resources, all forms of injunctions, restitution, Sale of Goods, trusts, jurisdiction points and conflict of laws.

Examples of recent cases include:

• X v Y (SIAC Arbitration): Acting for major broadcaster in an action against a football rightsholder (led by Robert Anderson QC.
• Staples v Samba [ongoing]: Sole counsel for the claimant in a £2m Commercial Court dispute arising out of a transitional services agreement.
• A v B (forthcoming Commercial Court matter): acting for financial services provider on a £10m + claim for commission on a merger deal (led by Dan Saoul QC).
• SKAT v Solo Capital Ltd & Ors: [2021] acting for the Danish tax authority on costs in this £1.3bn fraud and unjust enrichment litigation (led by Nick Bacon QC).
• B v C (LCIA Arbitration): Acting for insurer in a multimillion pound coverage dispute in the medical sector (led by David Turner QC)
• Lehtimäki v Cooper [2020] UKSC 33: The leading authority on the courts’ jurisdiction over charities and the question of whether charitable trusts owe fiduciary duties (acted as first junior to Guy Morpuss QC and Professor Sarah Worthington QC)
• Glencairn IP Holdings Ltd v Product Specialties Inc [2020] EWCA Civ 609: Landmark Court of Appeal decision on the circumstances in which a solicitors’ firm will be removed from the record when the firm has previously acted against the same opponent (instructed as sole counsel in the High Court and Court of Appeal)
• Recovery Partners & Anor v Rukhadze & Ors: instructed on privilege issues in major fraud litigation arising out of the death of Georgian billionaire Arkady Patarkatsishvili.
• Winlink Marketing v Liverpool Football Club [2020] EWHC 2271 (Comm): Acted for the successful defendant in this High Court trial concerning brokers’ contracts and commission for a sponsorship agreement (led by Robert Anderson QC)
• Albion Energy Ltd v Energy Investments Global BRL: A dispute between a Qatari oil exploration company and an energy company, currently on appeal to the Court of Appeal (instructed for the appeal, led by Guy Morpuss QC)
• B.V. Nederlandse Van Eiprodukten v Rembrandt Enterprises Inc. [2019] EWCA Civ 596: landmark Court of Appeal authority on the test for inducement in fraudulent misrepresentation and the transferred loss doctrine (led by Guy Morpuss QC in the High Court and Court of Appeal).

Much of Theo’s commercial law work is advisory. Recent clients include:

• a financial services company a claim for commission on a company sale;
• a vaccine manufacturer on various supply contracts;
• a broadcaster on issues arising out of organised piracy;
• a global consultancy firm, on the impact of Covid-19 and the force majeure clauses in its contracts;
• a TV network, on the implications of the Covid-19 pandemic on its broadcast licences;
• an ultra-high net worth individual, on a dispute over a film finance loan;
• a solicitors’ firm, on whether it had breached a series of undertakings;
• a group of disaffected rail passengers, on the prospects of mounting a group action in against a train operating company;
• a communications agency, on the effects of the House of Lords’ Code of Conduct; and
• a leading UK recruitment firm, on a series of breach of contract claims.

Theo has written the following articles on commercial law:

• ‘Causation and Quantum in Covid-19 Business Interruption Policy claims’, New Law Journal (2020)
• ‘Moving on from Bolam– the High Court applies the Montgomery v Larnarkshire test in a financial professionals case’, Solicitors Journal (November 2016)
• ‘Labour v Labour: the courts’ resolution of political disputes’, Solicitors Journal (September 2016)
• ‘Fair is foul and foul is fair’, Solicitors Journal Vol 159 no 42 (November 2015)
• ‘The proportionality test in UK law: a new ground of review or a fading exception?’, SJOL (January 2012)

Theo specialises in sports-related commercial litigation and regulatory work. He is recognised as a Leading Junior in Sports Law in the Legal 500 2022, in which he is noted for his “excellent oral and written submissions” and described as “hugely confident“.

In the last two years he has appeared for Liverpool Football Club in two of the largest football-related claims in the English courts and worked on disputes relating to the ownership of Sheffield United FC and Rangers FC.

He acts on behalf of and against other Premier League football clubs and sporting institutions, advising on contractual issues between clubs and players, sponsorship disputes, negotiations with governing bodies, litigation with suppliers, and intellectual property issues.

Outside of football, he has advised on matters concerning golf, cricket, boxing, athletics and horse racing.

Current and recent cases include:

• An upcoming Rule K arbitration in relation to a Premier League footballer’s personal sponsorship contract.
• Advising Liverpool Football Club on matters arising out of incidents at the 2022 Champions League Final
• An ongoing High Court action in relation to commission for a Premier League club’s kit sponsorship contract.
• Winlink Marketing v Liverpool Football Club [2020] EWHC 2271 (Comm): Acted for the successful defendant in this High Court trial concerning brokers’ contracts and commission for a sponsorship agreement (led by Robert Anderson QC).
• Sir Mo Farah v Diamond Mist: a passing-off dispute brought by Sir Mo Farah against a vaping company that allegedly used a likeness of him in an advert (sole counsel).
• Grant v Tottenham Hotspur FC: acting for Tottenham Hotspur in a copyright infringement claim against the club.
• New Balance v Liverpool Football Club [2019] EWHC 2837: successfully acting for Liverpool FC in high profile Commercial Court trial about whether the Club kit could be sponsored by Nike (led by Guy Morpuss QC).
• An ongoing multi-million-pound arbitration concerning football television rights and piracy (led by Guy Morpuss QC).
• HoneyPunch v Hill: acting for leading boxing brand “Ringside” in a trademark infringement claim in the IPEC (sole counsel).
• S v M (ongoing): a claim brought by a horseracing gambling syndicate against a commission agent in respect of several bets, including allegations of forgery and fraud.

In his advisory practice, Theo has provided assistance to several major sporting venues and institutions on the contractual problems caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, including advising:

• A golf club on a dispute with a member.
• An EPL football club on the effect of the postponement of the 2019/20 Premier League on certain sponsorship contracts.
• A leading sports team on the impact of Covid-19 on its sponsorship contracts.
• A broadcasting rightsholder on a contractual issue with the English Premier League.
• An international sports broadcaster on a contractual dispute with a rightsholder.
• A television station on a potential dispute with a leading sports management company.

Theo is a regular contributor to:

• the New Law Review, on which he recently wrote the cover story on the rise of e-sports litigation; and
• Law In Sport, the leading sports website.

Theo’s intellectual property practice is focussed on “soft IP”: trademarks, copyright infringement, design rights and passing off. He is often brought in as junior on commercial cases with an Intellectual Property aspect.

He is currently instructed in the following matters:

• Lacoste v Marks & Spencer: High Court trade mark infringement case relating to Marks & Spencer’s use of crocodile motifs (led by Mark Vanhegan QC)
• Mars Wrigley v Not Guilty Foods: acting for Mars Wrigley as sole counsel in this High Court trade mark infringement case relating to a product called ‘Malt Balls’.
• Combe v Dr Wolff [2022] EWHC 125 (Ch): principled decision on remedies for trademark infringement, including when a stay of execution was appropriate, and on costs (led by Mark Vanhegan QC).
• Combe International Ltd v Dr Augustus Wolff GMBH [2021] EWHC 3347 (Ch): represented the successful claimants in a Chancery Division trademark infringement dispute between the owners of personal healthcare brands Vagisil and Vagisan (led by Mark Vanhegan QC).
• Ritz Hotel London v Ritz Apartments [ongoing]: Representing the Ritz Hotel, London in a trade mark infringement dispute with another hotel using the name ‘Ritz’.
• Yours Clothing v Pannone Corporate LLP [ongoing]: representing a firm of IP solicitors in a £200k+ professional negligence dispute arising out of a trade mark infringement claim (as sole counsel).
• Beiersdorf v Aldi Stores: innovative s.10(3) trademark infringement claim in the Chancery Division (as junior to Guy Hollingworth).
• GHS v Beale & Ors, a multi-million pound database rights & copyright infringement claim in the Chancery Division (as sole counsel).
• Sir Mo Farah v Diamond Mist: a passing off dispute involving the alleged use of a lookalike of Mo Farah to advertise a product.
• Corkers v BFY, an infringement and passing off claim in the IPEC concerning a brand of crisps (as sole counsel)
• a SIAC arbitration concerning copyright infringement and breaches of an exclusive rights agreement (as junior to Guy Morpuss QC).
• a putative claim to declare a recording contract unenforceable as a restraint of trade/unconscionable bargain (as sole counsel).

His past experience includes the following matters:

• Mars v Aldi: A now-settled claim issued in the Chancery Division concerning unfair advantage trademark infringement (as junior to Guy Hollingworth).
• Distinctive Wholesale v Clayton Horsnell: Chancery Division claim for infringement of copyright and database rights relating to bathroom supplies (as sole counsel).
• Glencairn v Product Specialties: a trademark infringement and passing off claim concerning whisky tasting glasses (as sole counsel).
• 7Eleven v Kankesu: acting for 7Eleven in a claim for breach of a non-infringement agreement (as sole counsel).
• VoltyLab v Volta: trademark infringement in the financial services industry (as sole counsel).

In September 2019 he completed Oxford University’s Intellectual Property Law Residential Programme.

Theo has a wealth of experience in professional liability claims, having advised and acted in claims involving tax advisors, solicitors, auditors, accountants, surveyors, construction project managers and engineers.

In his professional liability practice, he acts for both claimants and defendants in cases in the county courts and the High Court. Current and recent cases include:

• Clinica v Auria Accountancy: £2.5m claim for negligent provision of accounting services to a medical clinic.
• Cooke, Young & Keidan v Davis & Baker (2022, ongoing): £20m ‘lost litigation’ claim (led by Helen Evans QC).
• Bacon & Ors v Pye (2022, ongoing): claim against accountant for breach of fiduciary duty, bribery, fraud and negligent tax advice.
• X v Y (2021, ongoing): High value claim against a tax advisor (led by Justin Fenwick QC).
• Murray & Murray v HCB Accountants (2020, ongoing): a claim against a solicitor for negligent accounting advice on the purchase of a business.
• Spanakis v Waran & Co (2020, ongoing): A claim against a solicitor for conspiracy, breach of undertaking and for breach of a Quistclose trust.
• Metis Law v Armstrong Watson (2020, ongoing): a claim against a firm of accountants for allegedly negligent advice on entrepreneur’s relief.
• Fazal v Zoi Builderberg Law (2020, ongoing): a claim against a solicitor for over optimistic advice on an employment dispute.
• Stern v Seddon (2019), major set of claims arising out of a failed property development scheme in Egypt.
• Blacknell v Evans (2019): high value “lost litigation” claim against a solicitor accused of professional negligence in relation to a complex underlying personal injury claim concerning congenital hip dislocation.
• Swain v (1) Swains (2) Kirby (3) Berry [2015] EWHC 2585 (Ch) (led by Paul Mitchell QC)

Theo is listed as a Leading Junior for costs litigation in Legal 500 2022 and is noted to be: “Extremely hard working, he gets stuck into problems very quickly, and has well-judged insights into what points really matter”.

He frequently acts on costs matters in major commercial litigation:

• Combe v Wolff [2022] EWHC 125 (Ch): Principled judgment on when indemnity costs may be appropriate in trade mark litigation.
• SKAT v Solo Capital Ltd & Ors: [2021, ongoing]: a multi-billion pound fraud and unjust enrichment litigation (led by Nick Bacon QC).
• Lehtimäki v Cooper [2020] UKSC 33: a complex dispute in the Supreme Court about the principle of costs involving multiple parties (led by Guy Morpuss QC).
• Vald Nielsen & Newwatch v Collyer Bristow [2021, ongoing]: a high value solicitor-client dispute concerning the validity and enforceability of a discounted-fees CFA (led by Robert Marven QC)
• Winlink v Liverpool Football Club (COSTS) [2020] EWHC B1 (Comm), a rare reported High Court judgment on issue based costs orders, the interaction between budgeting and payments on account and costs sanctions for the failure to disclose documents (led by Robert Anderson QC).

His expertise also includes:

• disputes about the termination of CFAs;
• disputes about implied retainers (including being sole counsel leading case on pleading implied contracts Charles Russell Speechlys v Beneficial House [2021] EWHC 3458 (QB));
• disputes on the proper basis of costs;
• major solicitor/client disputes;
• disputes about the validity and enforceability of CFAs and DBAs;
• disputes with former solicitors about the ownership of client files and liens; and
• routine detailed assessment matters.

Examples of his current and recent cases include the following:

Solicitor/client costs

• Matyas v Rosling King: Solicitor-client dispute on ownership of a file, delivery up of documents and the Solicitors’ Act 1974 (junior to Nick Bacon QC)
• Vald Nielsen & Newwatch v Collyer Bristow: Solicitor-client dispute concerning limitation under the Solicitors’ Act 1974, the nature of a retainer and the validity of a CFA (junior to Robert Marven QC).
• Charles Russell Speechlys v Beneficial House [2021] EWHC 3458 (QB): Solicitor client dispute raising issues as to the existence of a retainer and ostensible authority (sole counsel, instructed for successful appeal to the High Court)
• Advising on the difference between requests for payment on account and interim statute bills under the Solicitors Act 1974.
• Acting on a high value solicitor-client claim arising out of the proper construction of a retainer.

Budgeting issues

• Advising on the correct procedure for revision of costs budgets in a High Court claim worth over £20m with budgets in the region of £1m for each party.
• Advising on the impact of Sharp v Blank [2017] EWHC 3390 (Ch) on amendments to costs budgets.
• Acting in dozens of Costs and Case Management hearings.

Detailed assessment

• Appeared in several detailed assessments, for paying and receiving party, including using the new electronic bill of costs and cases with hybrid bills.
• Appearing in the SCCO to recover a success fee where a pre-April 2013 CFA had been terminated.
• Successfully appearing in the SCCO to make an application that the recovering party should recover no costs, as they had missed deadlines in the costs proceedings.

Other

• Charles Russell Speechlys v Beneficial House [2021] EWHC 3458 (QB): appearing as sole counsel in the leading case on pleading implied retainers.
• Advising on how to insulate against non-party costs orders.
• Pitching to and working with major litigation funders.
• Advising on recovery of costs after a default judgment.
• Advising on how costs can be recovered from a trustee in bankruptcy.
• R v Dave Lee Travis: Acting for the DJ Dave Lee Travis in the Crown Court in the early stages of costs proceedings following his conviction for one count of indecent assault.

Legal articles

Theo has written the following legal articles about costs:

• ‘Conditional Fee Agreements, the price of success’, Costs Lawyer, the Association of Costs Lawyers, 2018
• ‘Addressing the opportunistic use of QOCS’, Personal Injury Brief Update Journal (November 2015)
• ‘An abuse of QOCS’, Solicitors Journal Vol 159 no 26 (August 2015)

Theo has considerable experience in insurance litigation, having acted for and against insurers. Recently, he has advised and acted in a number of business interruption matters arising out of the Covid-19 pandemic.

He has acted in cases covering the full range of liability insurance, including D&O, employers, public, product and professional indemnity. He has also appeared in a number of insurance fraud and misrepresentation matters, including the pursuit of fraudulent claimants.

Theo has acted in arbitrations between insures under the PIA, and has particular experience in coverage disputes between insurers relating to run-off insurance and double insurance scenarios.

Theo is building up a strong arbitration practice, with a range of claims under a variety of institutional rules, including ICC, SIAC and LCIA. He also has experience working on arbitrations between insurers in relation to coverage disputes.

He also has expertise on the principles of awarding costs of arbitration, and is currently acting (led by Michael Jones QC) on a case concerned with the circumstances that can underpin a costs order.

Current and recent experience includes:

• Re: Premier League football contract (Rule K Arbitration): upcoming arbitration in relation to a Premier League footballer’s personal sponsorship contract (led by George Spalton QC).
• A v B (LCIA Arbitration): Acting for insurer in a multimillion pound coverage dispute in the medical sector (led by David Turner QC)
• X v Y (SIAC Arbitration): Acting for major broadcaster in an action against a football rightsholder (led by Robert Anderson QC.
• B v C (ad hoc arbitration): Acting in matters relating to the principles applying to the costs of an arbitration (led by Michael Jones QC).
• acting as first junior in LCIA arbitration proceedings between a global telecommunications company and a competitor company set up in alleged breach of covenant (led by Guy Morpuss QC).